This report is the result of a study, conducted by the National Academy for State Health Policy with support from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation’s Models for Change initiative, to identify barriers to and opportunities for improving the health of juvenile justice-involved youth. Focusing on the interconnection of juvenile justice, mental health, and Medicaid, this report highlights the findings of the NASHP’s study with specific interviews and examples from agency and community stakeholders.